Concurrency Control Protocols

If a transaction has obtained a __________ lock, it can read but cannot write on the item
a) Shared mode
b) Exclusive mode
c) Read only mode
d) Write only mode




If a transaction has obtained a ________ lock, it can both read and write on the item
a) Shared mode
b) Exclusive mode
c) Read only mode
d) Write only mode




A transaction can proceed only after the concurrency control manager ________ the lock to the transaction
a) Grants
b) Requests
c) Allocates
d) None of the mentioned




If a transaction can be granted a lock on an item immediately in spite of the presence of another mode, then the two modes are said to be ________
a) Concurrent
b) Equivalent
c) Compatible
d) Executable






A transaction is made to wait until all ________ locks held on the item are released
a) Compatible
b) Incompatible
c) Concurrent
d) Equivalent






The situation where no transaction can proceed with normal execution is known as ________
a) Road block
b) Deadlock
c) Execution halt
d) Abortion



The protocol that indicates when a transaction may lock and unlock each of the data items is called as __________
a) Locking protocol
b) Unlocking protocol
c) Granting protocol
d) Conflict protocol






The two phase locking protocol consists which of the following phases?
a) Growing phase
b) Shrinking phase
c) Both a and b
d) None of the mentioned






If a transaction may obtain locks but may not release any locks then it is in _______ phase
a) Growing phase
b) Shrinking phase
c) Deadlock phase
d) Starved phase



If a transaction may release locks but may not obtain any locks, it is said to be in ______ phase
a) Growing phase
b) Shrinking phase
c) Deadlock phase
d) Starved phase



Which of the following cannot be used to implement a timestamp
a) System clock
b) Logical counter
c) External time counter
d) None of the mentioned

A logical counter is _________ after a new timestamp has been assigned
a) Incremented
b) Decremented
c) Doubled
d) Remains the same

The _________ requires each transaction executes in two or three different phases in its lifetime
a) Validation protocol
b) Timestamp protocol
c) Deadlock protocol
d) View protocol

During __________ phase, the system reads data and stores them in variables local to the transaction.
a) Read phase
b) Validation phase
c) Write phase
d) None of the mentioned

During the _________ phase the validation test is applied to the transaction
a) Read phase
b) Validation phase
c) Write phase
d) None of the mentioned




During the _______ phase, the local variables that hold the write operations are copied to the database
a) Read phase
b) Validation phase
c) Write phase
d) None of the mentioned




Read only operations omit the _______ phase
a) Read phase
b) Validation phase
c) Write phase
d) None of the mentioned